Evaluation of Starbucks in global environment Essay

Evaluation of Starbucks in global environment - Essay Example Starbucks, named after the first mate in Herman Melville’s Moby Dick, is the world’s leading retailer, roaster and brand of specialty coffee with millions of customer visits per week at stores in North America, Europe, Middle East, Latin America and the Pacific Rim. Starbucks stores may be found in urban and suburban areas, as well as many rural communities worldwide. An expanded number of Drive Thru and Off-Highway stores also provide a convenient alternative for our customers (Starbucks coffee, 2008). Starbucks purchases and roasts high-quality whole bean coffees and sells them along with fresh, rich-brewed, Italian style espresso beverages, a variety of pastries and confections, and coffee-related accessories and equipment - primarily through its company-operated retail stores. In addition to sales through our company-operated retail stores, Starbucks sells whole bean coffees through a specialty sales group and supermarkets. Additionally, Starbucks produces and sells bottled Frappuccino ® coffee drink and a line of premium ice creams through its joint venture partnerships and offers a line of innovative premium teas produced by its wholly owned subsidiary, Tazo Tea Company. The Companys objective is to establish Starbucks as the most recognized and respected brand in the world (Starbucks.com). Starbucks is dedicated to contributing positively to the communities in which it does business. The company recognizes the relationship between its success and the strength and vitality of the communities where it operates. Investing in communities is not only the right thing to do; it is also part of the Starbucks culture. At all levels of the organization, Starbucks partners strive to be good neighbors and active contributors in communities (Starbucks coffee, 2008). In spring 1995, Frappuccino ® blended beverage was introduced to Starbucks line of beverages. In summer 2004, Starbucks premiered Frappuccino ® Light blended coffee beverages in response to

Intro to Greek Mythology Influence Essay Example for Free

Intro to Greek Mythology Influence Essay Introduction: In order to understand the impact of Greek mythology on Western culture one must understand what Greek mythology itself is. Greek Mythology is the belief, tales, and stories of ancient gods who ruled the ancient world as well as heroes who challenged the gods or some who fought for them. Many of these tales include moral stories and shaped humanistic values of what and what not to do. The ancient Greece Empire was located around the Mediterranean Sea and touched parts of what was called minor Asia (Howstuffwork 2010). In these times the belief was that ancient gods were a part of everyday life. Supposedly the gods rules all aspect of life such as the production of food, domestic life, war and social life such as fortune and love. The people mad sacrifices to these gods to â€Å"please† them and many died fighting for these gods, which no one actually saw because of their home on Mount Olympus. Greek mythology was more than just stories to these people it was actually a religion, which formed and shaped political nature of Ancient Greece as well. Greek mythology attempts to explain the origins of the world and the reasons for occurrences in the world. The time period of when Greek mythology began is not really confirmed it is estimated around 800 BC, but there have been accounts of earlier pottery and artifacts which show images of the gods. These mythical stories have stood against the sands of time and even today are used in modern language and societies. Howstuffworks Ancient Greece. (n.d.). HowStuffWorks Learn How Everything Works!. Retrieved February 10, 2011, from http://www.howstuffworks.com/ancient-greece.htm/printable

Muhammad Ali Essay -- Sports American History

Muhammad Ali Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr. later known as Muhammad Ali, was a black boxer, and was proud of it. Many African Americans were ashamed of their color, but Ali was different. He was the first boxer to win the Heavyweight Championship 3 different times. He had a great personality and was liked by the people. During his life, he made big decisions that changed the course of his life completely. Muhammad Ali's journey through life was a great inspiration for African American people, but Ali himself deserves the admiration of everyone. Muhammad Ali was a man made to box. He had a great career before him since he made his first professional fight under President Eisenhower presidency. His Professional Career was really impressive. His had a great balance and was able to move his hands and feet in great speed and coordination. Ali was said to dance in the ring while destroying his opponents. Ali started fighting at a very short age, and his first teacher was Joe Martin (Hauser 18). Through hard work and discipline, he became a professional fighter and eventually the Heavyweight champion of the world. Although he lost the title twice, he regained it three times, putting him in the history books. His boxing career was put to an end when he started suffering from Parkinson's disease. This was the end of his boxing, but his greatness will never die. Muhammad Ali was not the kind of person that gets taken away with fame and money. He is a simple, unsophisticated person with a very loving heart, and very determined (Hauser 186). He did not care much about himself, he enjoyed making people happy. While training, he let people come and see him, charging them to see the show. Doing so, he earned about $1000 a day. After the ... ...ons give us all an example of what it is to really believe in something and risk loosing it all for doing what is right. Ali's actions and decisions showed us he was not afraid of failure. His tranquility and determination made some people admire him. He made his decisions and stuck to them. Like he said, "And now the whole world knows that, so far as my own beliefs are concerned, I did what was right for me" (Hauser 172). Works Cited Bingham, Howard. Face to Face with Muhammad Ali. Reader's Digest. Dec. 2001: 90-97. Ebony Magazine http://www.Ebony.com Hauser, Thomas. Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times. New York, NY, Bantam Books, 1991 Works Consulted Tyers, Kathy. Muhammad Ali: The Greatest. San Mateo, Ca, IDG Books World Inc.1995 Muhammad Ali Definition of a champ http://www.DefinitionofaChamp.com Jet Magazine http://ww.JetOnline.com

Mother Teresa Essay -- essays research papers

She dedicated her life serving the poor. She loved the unloved, cared for the un-cared, helped the dying, the cripple, and the mentally ill. She served everyone with her love and the love of God. She touched the hearts of those who doubted her because of her love and commitment to God. Mother Teresa lived an extraordinary life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu, later named Mother Teresa, was born on August 26, 1910 in Skopje, Yugoslavia. She was born into an Albanian Roman Catholic family. There were three children, one boy and two girls. She was the youngest. She attended the government school. In her teens, Agnes became a member of a youth group in her local parish called Sodality. Through her involvement with their activities guided by Yugoslavian priests, Agnes became interested in missionaries in India. There, letters from Yugoslavian priests working in Bengal were read. Young Agnes was one of the Sodalists who volunteered for the Bengal Mission.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When she turned eighteen, she left home to join the Irish Loreto order, whose Sisters ran a mission in Calcutta, India. Mother Teresa’s first assignment was teaching high school girls in Calcutta from 1929 to 1946. There she taught geography at the St. Mary’s High School. For some years, she was a principal of the school and was also in charge of the Daughters of St. Anne, the Indian religious order attached to the Loreto Sisters.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  By December 1, 1928 Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu had chosen the name of Sister Mary Teresa of the Child Christ after Teresa of Liseux. â€Å"On May 24, 1937, Sister Teresa committed herself to her vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience for life and in doing so became, as was then usual for Loreto nuns, ‘Mother Teresa’† (Spink 17).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1946, she wanted to work directly with the poor. She applied for permission to go out and work among the poor in the slums of the city. â€Å"It was among these people that she felt a call to work, and to spend the rest of her life, in daily contact with them† (Spink 224). Her request to work with the poor was granted. Finally, she changed from the uniform of the Loreto order to the customary cheap Indian sari. Her work started after an intensive course in nursing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In addition to the Sisters, Mother Teresa founded four other bra... ...d.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Establishing one’s goal and devoting her life to the helpless, this is the story of Mother Teresa. Not only was she a servant of god, she was recognized as a mother to many. â€Å"I'm just a little pencil in his hand. Tomorrow, if he finds somebody more helpless, more hopeless, I think he will do still greater things with her and through her† (Crimp 85). Mother Teresa lived an extraordinary life. With one word to describe her, I would say she was miraculous.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Work Cited Crimp, Susan. Touched by a Saint: Personal Encounters with Mother Teresa. Notre   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dame, Indiana: Sorin Books, 2000. Muggeridge, Malcolm. Something Beautiful for God: Mother Teresa of Calcutta. New   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  York: Harper & Row, 1971. Spink, Kathryn. Mother Teresa: A Complete Authorized Biography. San Francisco:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  HarperSanFrancisco, 1997. -------.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Miracle of Love: Mother Teresa of Calcutta, her Missionaries of Charity, and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  her Co-workers. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1981.

Exploring Internet Sites Essay

Nowadays Internet became primary informational source for overwhelming majority of people around the world. That is why, in order to earn customer goodwill, enhance the market and promote own goods or services, it is necessary for any enterprise at any market to place easy accessible, correct and comprehensive information about the company, its policies, strategies, products, prospects and so on, into World Wide Web. Official sites of such known companies, as Procter & Gamble, Nestle and Unilever are great examples of using advantages of Internet as an effective tool of marketing and promotion. It is remarkable, that these successful companies openly inform their customers about their financial situation and the results of specific researches, offer new career or investment opportunities for any visitor of the site. This definitely works for strengthening their image on global level. To my mind, the most attractive and interesting features for the customers are the sections about the products of the companies and some related fields like nutrition, beauty and style, etc. It is principally important to make information on the site practical and useful for any average or prospective customer. With this purpose, for example, P & G is using a very effective slogan â€Å"Expert Advice for Everyday Life†, which really works well, I believe. Undoubtedly, all three sites are very up-to-date and competent. I could not help noticing one obvious disadvantage of them all: extreme overload of information. It makes navigation more complicated for an average customer, who can be an average Internet user as well. Besides, I suppose that the sites of P & G and Unilever have too very bright and colorful designs. This can take customer’s mind off the site content and the product itself. Besides, to my mind, it affects seriousness of these companies to some extent. Certainly, Internet sites play important role and significantly contribute into forming consumer preferences and attracting new customers. The main advantage of such sites is making customer- producer communication much faster. When a customer wants to get some information, there is no need to make long phone calls and wait for consultations anymore. Now it is possible to find all necessary data on the site just with a couple of mouse clicks. Bibliography: Nestle. Nestle S. A. 2004. 06 Nov. 2006 . Procter & Gamble. P & G Everyday Solutions. 2006. 06 Nov. 2006 .   Unilever. Unilever N. V. 2006. 06 Nov. 2006 .

Crayfish Lab Report Essays

Crayfish Lab Report Essays Crayfish Lab Report Paper Crayfish Lab Report Paper Frequency vs.. Stretch a) In our classroom experiment, after dissecting and preparing our crayfish ail, we sucked up a MR.. Receptor neuron with our electrode to record firing of the nerve as we adjusted the length of the crayfish tail using a string attached to both the uncomplimentary and the end of the tail. Unlike our classroom experiment, the methods for Delicacy and Crevice and Van Gilders experiment dealt directly with the MR.. Strand, to be more specific -the isolated abdominal stretch receptors of the crayfish. In Deletions experiment, the MR.. Strand was held at each end by forceps and a microelectronic was inserted into the cell body of the sensory neuron. Gentle manipulations of the forceps caused a stretch in the MR.. Generating a generator potential in the strand that caused a spike potential in the sensory neuron. As stated earlier, methodically, Crevice and Van Gilders experiment didnt differ significantly because they too interacted directly with the MR.. Receptor neuron. The independent variable in each experiment was the stretch applied to the neuron. The dependent variable for our classroom experiment and Deletions experiment was the firing rate, but Crevice and Van Gilders experiment contained an additional dependent arabletension (which is linearly related to the firing rate). B) According to Crevice and Van Gilders Figure 7, stretch and tension are linearly related. The graphs reveal that with increasing tension, firing rate and tension increase progressively faster. The relationship of both tension and firing rate to stretch are exponential (Crevice and van Gelded, 1961). Because of the differences in our methodical approaches, our classroom experiment is not directly comparable to Delicacy or Crevice and van Gilders. The authors data is much more comparable because Delicacy and Crevice applied stretch erectly to the MR.. Strand, so the stretch in mm is directly comparable for the two. In our classroom experiment, we have a much bigger range because we dealt with the entire crayfish tail, so mulch of the movement in millimeters goes into lifting the tail itself. C) The best-fit curve for my results of firing rate vs Trench applied is exponential. Similarly to Deletions results, my stretch is linearly related to the firing for the first three data points. For the last two values, my scale begins to increase exponentially and starts to resemble Crevice and van Gilders results. Operational errors that could account for differences in the class data would be recordings incorrectly taken before the neuron has adapted (values would be higher). The class dat a supports Deletions linear results, but it could be that our classroom experiment would have increased exponentially with increased stretch. Deletions data is linear in his experiment, but the range of stretch values is considerably smaller than Crevices. Similarly to my experiment, Crevices data also follows this linear trend until it reaches a level of stretch that causes an increase in tension and thereby and increase in the firing rate. In Figure 7 of Crevice and Van Gelded, it is at the two largest values for stretch that the firing rate increases from linear to exponential. The fact that Crevice obtains values for firing rate at larger values of stretch could explain why his results showed exponential growth after a certain value. ) There is a huge amount of variance in the stress vs Frequency relation for the class. Simple biological factors like individual variance could account for the variance in the data. In Table 1 of Crevices paper, he acknowledges that he differences in the receptor taken from the same cross section could have contributed to inaccuracies in his experiment (Crevice 1961 Another biological fac tor that might influence the slope of the stretch frequency curve could be tension. For instance, a less flexible crayfish (i. E. More tense) would have a faster firing rate for a given stretch than a more flexible crayfish would. . Frequency vs.. Time a. In our particular experiment, a spike potential is the action potential of the sensory neuron that is driven by the generator potential. A generator potential n the MR.. Is driven by a net inward current of An+ and Ca++ or an PEPS, after activation of the anchorperson. This generator potential gets the membrane potential to threshold and thereby causes an Action Potential (spike potential). The contributions of the generator adaptation and spike adaptation could be separated experimentally by application of a spike inhibitor, which in Crevices experiment is represented by determination. ) In slowly adapting neurons, spike adaptation makes a greater contribution to overall adaptation. In Figure IA, the spike potential has been isola ted and according to this experiment, the behavior of the neurons spike potential is consistent with what we know about tonic receptors. Under a constant current, the slow adapting neuron transitions from a rapid firing of action potentials to the slower fire represented by larger enterprise intervals. In Figure B, the spike adaptation for the fast adapting receptor, too, is consistent with our knowledge of aphasic receptors. There was an initial firing rate at the onset of the current, but while the current was still applied, we see a drop to zero for the aphasic acceptors firing rate. (Making 1964). Conversely, in Figure AAA and B, where both aphasic and tonic generator potentials are isolated, there is essentially no difference between the two potentials behavior(Making 1964). This suggests that the generator potential has no effect on the behavior of the neurons and its adaptation mechanism. D) In both Figure 10 and my own, the adaptation over some duration to a constant stimulus is logarithmic. According to our overall adaptation result the rate of firing of a slowly adapting neuron slows when exposed to a constant tumulusFigure 10 of Making follows the same form because our classroom experiments also follow a logarithmic curve. ) In my analysis of whether the ion concentration model accounts for both adaptation and the immediate recovery from overstretch, I conclude that this model only partially applies because of its plausible explanation for spike adaptation. According to the Unrest equation (log Anal/Amount), the An concentration inside and outside of the cell could chemically equilibrate. Based on where ANA is determines the deportation of the action potential and if ANA were to drop below threshold (due to equilibration of An concentrations and sm aller influx of An ions), we would not get firing. Conversely, application of the ion concentration model to immediate recovery from overstretch doesnt directly apply because it cant explain how the ion concentrations would immediately become more available extracurricular to provide the ANA needed to cause firing of the action potential. The process of generating a concentration gradient could not logically occur that quickly. Ii) In order to test the sensitivity of a particular ion channel, we could use the attach clamp method and analyze its response to a constant stimulus and see whether or not we get a change in ion influx over time (thats not due to ion concentration).

75 Synonyms for Hard

75 Synonyms for Hard 75 Synonyms for â€Å"Hard† 75 Synonyms for â€Å"Hard† By Mark Nichol It’s easy to write about how hard something is, because so many synonyms exist for that vague word and its more formal cousin difficult. Many of these terms are somewhat interchangeable (that’s why they call them synonyms), but even then, the senses are often slightly distinct; do a little more research on usage when you find a promising variation for that abstract (or is it abstruse?) phrasing you’re attempting to finesse. 1. Abstract: disassociation from a practical reference that would aid in comprehension 2. Abstruse: difficult because of technical considerations 3. Arduous: great physical exertion 4. Augean: unpleasantly, overwhelmingly hard (a classical reference to the Augean stables, cleaned by Hercules as one of his legendary twelve labors) 5. Backbreaking: tiring and often dispiriting physical effort 6. Bruising: physically wearing and damaging 7. Brutal: unpleasantly difficult 8. Burdensome: physically or emotionally difficult 9. Challenging: requiring special effort; may have a positive or a negative sense depending on context 10. Complex: difficult because of multiple interrelated factors 11. Complicated: see complex 12. Convoluted: see complex; with an additional connotation of twisting or intertwining 13. Cruel: marked by uncompromising difficulty that disregards the worker’s welfare 14. Daunting: inspiring a feeling of great difficulty 15. Demanding: suggestive of a great commitment of time and effort 16. Distressing: causing emotional anguish 17. Effortful: requiring effort 18. Elusive: difficult to comprehend, or evasive 19. Exacting: requiring meticulous attention to detail, or requiring relentless effort 20. Exhausting: difficult in terms of physical or mental exertion 21. Formidable: discouraging because of expected difficulty; also has a positive connotation of impressiveness 22. Frustrating: producing feelings of hopelessness or defeat 23. Grievous: causing pain or suffering 24. Grim: evidencing unyielding difficulty or severity; can also mean â€Å"grim,† â€Å"gloomy,† or â€Å"sinister† 25. Grueling (also spelled gruelling): requiring unrelenting or extreme effort 26. Hairy: difficult (informal) 27. Harsh: excessively difficult 28. Heavy: involving great effort 29. Herculean: suggestive of great difficulty 30. Inhuman: so difficult as to seem beyond human capability 31. Insoluble: seemingly too difficult to be solved or resolved 32. Intimidating: so difficult that the task or prospect inspires fear or hopelessness 33. Intricate: see complex 34. Involved: see convoluted 35. Knotty: see convoluted 36. Labored: requiring wearying physical or mental exertion 37. Laborious: see labored 38. Merciless: marked by effort that seems to be required with no regard for the welfare of the worker 39. Moiling: requiring much effort 40. Murderous: suggestive of risk of physical or mental harm (informal) 41. Onerous: see burdensome 42. Opaque: difficult because of a lack of clarity or communication 43. Oppressive: harshly difficult 44. Overwhelming: too hard to do or bear without suffering 45. Painful: causing physical or mental discomfort or harm 46. Pick-and-shovel: suggestive of great manual effort 47-48. Problematic/problematical: difficulty in solving a problem 49. Punishing: difficulty heedless of consequences of physical or mental strain 50. Recondite: difficult to comprehend because of obscurity or the need to possess more knowledge 51. Rigid: inflexibly difficult 52. Rigorous: difficulty caused by conditions of inflexibility or requirements of great precision 53. Rugged: suggestive of conditions requiring strength and stamina 54. Serious: requiring a great deal of effort 55. Severe: difficult because of the nature of requirements or constraints or because of the need to expend great effort 56. Spiny: replete with difficulties 57. Sisyphean: suggestive of relentless, repetitive toil (a classical reference to Sisyphus, tormented in Hades by having to repeatedly roll a boulder up a hill, then retrieve it when it rolls down again) 58. Stiff: see rigid 59. Strenuous: see arduous 60. Stressful: so difficult as to cause tension or nervousness 61. Strict: difficult especially because of standards imposed 62. Stringent: see strict 63. Stubborn: persistently difficult 64. Sweaty: suggestive of great physical exertion, causing perspiration 65. Tall: see formidable (informal) 66. Taxing: see burdensome 67. Testing: calling for great effort, as if to test one’s abilities 68. Thorny: see spiny 69. Ticklish: difficult because of the problem’s sensitive nature 70. Tight: hard because of a lack of flexibility 71. Toilsome: see labored 72. Tough: physically or mentally demanding (informal) 73. Tricky: see ticklish 74. Trying: requiring great endurance 75. Uphill: see labored Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Synonyms for â€Å"Leader†One Sheep, Two Sheep, One Fish, Two Fish . . .Adverbs and Hyphens

A BRIEF LOOK AT OBAMACARE Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers

A BRIEF LOOK AT OBAMACARE Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers A BRIEF LOOK AT OBAMACARE Health care reform in the United States has a long history. Reforms have often been proposed but have rarely been accomplished. Har ry Truman in the 1940s , Richard Nixon in the 1970s, and Bill Clinton in the 1990s have given important struggles for a law that would cover every US citizen in health insurance. After all of them, when Obama became president, he brought the health system, which is called ObamaCare. In March, 2010, US President Barack Obama's healthcare bill passed by Congress. It aims to provide about 50 million Americans, 16 percent of the population, health care. "We have decided that it's time to give every American quality healthcare." said Barack Obama in his speech. The health system in America is the world's most expensive health system. Despite the fact that all kinds of health services, medicines and health insurance premiums are expensive, the quality of health care in the United States is low. The structure of the health insurance system in the USA is as follows: State pays health insurance expenses for government officials and soldiers. (These are 2 percent of the population.), Those who are very old or very poor benefit from two different applications called Medicare and Medicaid, which are funded from the budget. The state pays for these two different applications.(Medicare covers 15 per cent of the total population, 16 per cent of Medicaid.), In large-scale industrial establishments, employees in companies, benefit from insurance paid by premium establishments.(For nearly 45 percent of the population, these programs provide health insurance.), Personal insurances, group insurances are usually very expensive and have limited coverage. (Only 6 percent of the population benefits from private insurance with their own means.) Many Americans lack health care. The proportion of uninsured has been rising steadily since the 1970s. Except for the United States, no rich nation in the world fails to provide comprehensive health care that is free or inexpensive to its entire population. For this reason, health reform has been discussed in the United States for years. The health reform was a promise that Obama could fulfill. This reform is the product of Obama's promise to provide "h ealth care for everybody's budget". The Law on Affordable Healthcare, known publicly as Obamacare , entered into force gradually from 2010 onwards, despite the endless opposition of the Republicans. The pr oportion of uninsured people in the country has fallen from 15.7 percent to 9.2 percent. On the other hand, the Republican Party has strongly opposed Obamacare from the very beginning on the grounds that it infringes on individual freedoms and the US Constitution because it obliges health insurance. The new president, Donald Trump, showed his determination after the election that he was determined to cancel Obamacare except for a few parts. Thus, Obama's success is a controversial issue, although it seems to be among the promises Obama has made, it does not seem to be long-lived. Obamacare, officially called the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPAC), but more often called the Affordable Care Act (ACA) for short, reformed health care system as a whole. Obamacare was signed into law to reform the health care industry by President Barack Obama on March 23,2010 and upheld by the Supreme Court ruling on June 28,2012. This ruling involved changing the law to allow states to opt-out of expanding Access to Medicaid. Obamacare was signed into law to address the national health care crisis and to ma k e insurance more affordable and available for 44 million uninsureds. The Affordable Care Act 2010 is a reformation of healthcare system to be t ter be able to aid and treat the large percentage of law and middle income Americans who suff e r everyday without the proper health insurance. Obamacare,offered subsidies to obtain affordable quality health insurance and also did things like expand Medicaid to almost 20 million more Americans. The health care law has already aided millions of Americans afford be t ter quality health insurance, helped to reform the health insurance industry, and has expanded Americans healthcare rights. The healthcare law also aims to reduce wasteful spending and healthcare programs that are not working. The Affordable Care Act expands

Substance use Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Substance use - Essay Example Research confirms that during the 8-year study period, teens that call for help from poison control rose by a shocking 76%. Although amphetamines are taken for general cures such as headache and body pain, they can be abused easily. Since amphetamines act as stimulants and can be addictive. The modifications that occur in the brain chemistry by abusing this drug can lead not only to addiction but the need to have continual use of this drug. This cause and effect relationship can no doubt create an amphetamine addiction. An individual with this addiction will engage in a criminal activity by either hiding their drug use or stealing it to fulfill their addiction. This is clearly detrimental to society as it leads to an economic burden of society paying additional taxes. Amphetamines are usually listed in schedule II of controlled substances due to various reasons. One of the key reasons is the fact that amphetamines have a medium severity for high capacity for abuse but can be utilized for medical use. Other drugs that are also classified in schedule II consist of: marijuana, heroin, and AMT. Consequently, the schedule I list differs from schedule II since drugs such as heroin; LSD and marijuana are highly abusive and cannot be used for medical purposes.

Sales of Goods by Sea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sales of Goods by Sea - Essay Example The law that governs contracts for the sale of goods entrenched in The Sale of Goods Act 1979 plus 1994 amendments. Merchant B is not supposed to pay Merchant B as supported by the argument below’ â€Å"The seller had the obligation of advising the buyer of the impending war between the two states once he became aware.† On evaluation of the risks of the goods while on transit on the sea, there is a strong link risk allocation. As the seller is in physical possession of goods prior to selling, he has the obligation of assuming the measures of preventing risks (Bernd 1). Before the goods left physical possession of the seller to the carrier, he had the responsibility of advising the buyer the probable outcome of the war such that the buyer could have been aware and accepts to assume the risk. The risk of the cargo is passed to the buyer once goods have been delivered.1 Therefore, the seller (Merchant A) having assumed first physical possession of the goods and keeping in mind that the buyer (Merchant B) had not yet assumed any practical possession of the goods leaves the seller at the legal entity responsible for the cargo. Upon delivery of shipping documents, there is no evidence of goods delivery, thus, Merchant B has not fulfilled his contractual duty to claim meeting his contractual part (Bernd 1). Since the Merchant B had the custody of shipping documents, he is obligated to advice the buyer on any impending risks that may render the goods faulty of not getting to the port of Calais on time (Bernd 1). The reason that goods have not arrived the port of destination does not imply non shipment, but rather, there may be eventualities that the goods have not arrived due to war between France and England. â€Å"It is the obligation of the seller to ascertain the exact state of the goods; whether destroyed of cargo sought refuge at a port in Spain† As per the contract of the case in question, the goods were to be delivered from Dover to Calais. The seller has the obligation of shipping the goods that the answer to the contract (Stone and Carr 39). As stated in section 13 of the Sale of Goods Act 1979,2 that where the contract is for sale of goods by description, the goods ought to correspond to the description. According to Section 2, sub. 5: Under the contract, the transfer of goods from Merchant A to Merchant B was to take place in the future upon delivery at Calais to fulfill the contract to be regarded as an agreement of sale. The agreement becomes a sale upon meeting conditions subject to which goods are transferred. Whether the ship; or goods on board are safe, is not the responsibility of the buyer but the seller. This clearly implies that the goods if happened to have encountered shipment risks of perils of the sea are liable to be indemnified by relevant insurer (Simone 95). The seller being well aware of the conditions surrounding the shipment of the goods, has the obligation of following up to ascertain the sta te of the shipment to ascertain the real situation to ensure terms of contract are met.3 Incorporating the incoterms relating to the contract, a contract of insurance entered into, defines the compensation of goods on transits in case of peril of the sea or any other risk that the cargo may be exposed to.4 For a contract to be termed valid and legally binding it must meet several requirements. Since the contract between A and B had requirements that the goods had to be

There is a real danger of a house price bubble in London. Discuss Essay - 10

There is a real danger of a house price bubble in London. Discuss - Essay Example Such a scenario envisions that indeed the house price bubble in London which is about to burst. Ideally, just like any other cosmopolitan city in the world London’s property market has been on an upward trajectory for a considerable period given the fact the position of the town on the global map is favourable for both business and luxury living thus attracting the world’s rich to purchase the properties (Nationwide Building Society, n.d.). The influx of foreign capital into the London house market led to the steady increase of the house prices to cater for the growing demand by outsiders thus making the process unaffordable for the local Londoners. According to the available statistics, Middle Easterners account for about forty percent of London’s luxury property buyers followed by Americans and Russians. The fact the foreigners are increasingly becoming attracted to investing in London’s property market has been the primary reason for the massive surge of house prices in London. Developers are coming up with luxury and new concept homes to cater for these clients who are ready to part with premium prices as opposed to the locals who cannot afford the house prices. Literally, a significant number of Londoners have been shelved off the price ladder since the prices is technically unsustainable for them since they do not match their earnings thus making the homes unaffordable to a majority of London native s (Fry, 2013). On that light, the buyer demand for London properties has fallen drastically since the target market are essentially the wealthy foreigners who are willing to spend extra capital to acquire the premium homes in London thus scaring away the conventional buyers from making offers for the houses. However, the situation is not exclusive in London alone. Conventionally, it was deemed that the price surge was only limited to the prime areas of London such as Westminster. The

Organisational strategy(in report format) Essay

Organisational strategy(in report format) - Essay Example (Innocent, 2008b; MySpace News, 2007; Hickman, 2007; Scott, 2007) For the purpose of this study, the researcher will apply some of the available strategic models in examining the internal and external factors that has contributed to he success of Innocent Drinks. First, the researcher will apply the PESTLE, Porter’s Five Forces, Opportunities and Threats model to critically analyze the external factors within the period of 1999 – 2007 that made Innocent Drinks able to grab the biggest market share from its competitors. Using the Strength model, the researcher will critically evaluate the effectiveness of the business strategies used by Innocent Drinks between the period of 2002 – 2007. Eventually, the researcher will assess and discuss the impact of Innocent Drinks’ stakeholder pressure on the organization in terms of how Adam Balon, Richard Reed and Jon Wright might have affected the strategies they have chosen followed by analysing the relative power and interest of the three business owners. Using the Options Matrix, the researcher will also evaluate and discuss whether the future strategies of Innocent Drinks should either be based on fit or stretch strategies. As part of discussion, the researcher will discuss the impact of external factors and its direct effects to the changes on the competitive behaviour within the same industry. PESTLE, which stands for ‘Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, and Environmental analysis’ (TVU, 2007), will be used in illustrating the macro-environmental aspects of Innocent Drinks. UK food and drink industries are highly regulated by several government agencies. In line with this matter, food and drink industry in the United Kingdom is highly regulated by Food Standard Agency in order to protect the health and consumers’ interests when it comes to food safety, nutrition,

Novel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Novel - Essay Example He does not know if loves or hates his daughter, in fact, it is that the extent of his love for his daughter is something that he does not want, something that he believes he does not deserve, thus, turning into hatred for the innocent girl. He has a very low opinion of himself – â€Å"What could his heavy arms and befuddled brain accomplish that would earn him his own respect, that would in turn allow him to accept her love?† – and he blames Pecola’s stupidity for loving him still (Morrison 161 - 163). The lack of faith in himself may be due to his harsh childhood but the fact remains that his thought processes are different than a normal person’s and continue to badly affect those around him. Seeing his daughter scratch â€Å"the back of her calf with her toe† reminds him of how his wife Pauline had once done the same thing (Morrison 162). It could have been the alcohol, that particular movement, the resemblance between the mother and daughter, the strange kind of love that he had for both or seeing Pecola do the task of washing the dishes which his wife used to do that triggered off his sexual thoughts, â€Å"filled him then with a wondering softness †¦ a tenderness, a protectiveness† (Morrison 162). He reminisced about Pauline and how had been successful in bringing a smile to her face. He wanted to show his daughter how much he loved her and, in his deluded state, he thought showing her physically was the right way to go. From his distorted point of view, he only wanted to please his daughter. The way Morrison writes this portrays Cholly as a predator and Pecola as the prey. In fact, he is even showed to be â€Å"crawling on all fours toward her† (Morrison 162). The girl slips and falls but Cholly turns into a protector and catches her which is a contradiction in itself. He wants to keep Pecola safe but does not have the right idea of how to do that. The girl is young, naà ¯ve and too shocked to protest. The

Organisational strategy(in report format) Essay

Organisational strategy(in report format) - Essay Example (Innocent, 2008b; MySpace News, 2007; Hickman, 2007; Scott, 2007) For the purpose of this study, the researcher will apply some of the available strategic models in examining the internal and external factors that has contributed to he success of Innocent Drinks. First, the researcher will apply the PESTLE, Porter’s Five Forces, Opportunities and Threats model to critically analyze the external factors within the period of 1999 – 2007 that made Innocent Drinks able to grab the biggest market share from its competitors. Using the Strength model, the researcher will critically evaluate the effectiveness of the business strategies used by Innocent Drinks between the period of 2002 – 2007. Eventually, the researcher will assess and discuss the impact of Innocent Drinks’ stakeholder pressure on the organization in terms of how Adam Balon, Richard Reed and Jon Wright might have affected the strategies they have chosen followed by analysing the relative power and interest of the three business owners. Using the Options Matrix, the researcher will also evaluate and discuss whether the future strategies of Innocent Drinks should either be based on fit or stretch strategies. As part of discussion, the researcher will discuss the impact of external factors and its direct effects to the changes on the competitive behaviour within the same industry. PESTLE, which stands for ‘Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, and Environmental analysis’ (TVU, 2007), will be used in illustrating the macro-environmental aspects of Innocent Drinks. UK food and drink industries are highly regulated by several government agencies. In line with this matter, food and drink industry in the United Kingdom is highly regulated by Food Standard Agency in order to protect the health and consumers’ interests when it comes to food safety, nutrition,

Politics in turkey Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Politics in turkey - Research Paper Example Turkey is a parliamentary democracy with 551 seats from 81 provinces. The secular democratic process of the nation was evolved from the war of independence, led by Mustafa Kemal. After the disintegration of Ottoman Empire, the modern nation of Turkey was born in 1924 (kwintessential). Mustafa was popularly known as Ataturk or ‘the father of the nation’. He has been the most popular and influential leader of Turkey who had brought the country on the world map and had laid the foundation of secular democracy of the modern Turkey. He was also the founder member of Republic People’s Party, the first political party of independent Turkey. Democratic process is renowned for its freedom of expression and the power of the people. Turkey too has undergone tremendous upheavals and seen frequent leadership changes since its inception in 1924 but the basic democratic foundation has remained intact against the so called rigid Islamic religiosity. Democratic Party, Republic People’s Party and Justice Party were three major parties that have been in the forefront of Turkish politics. The two military coups of 1960 and 1980 have had short span with elections that had reinstated democratic rule. The ‘harsh restrictions imposed on political rights by military interventions’ are still visible (countryside) but the subsequent democratic governments have diluted their effects. The election of 1983 saw the emergence of new political party by the name of Motherland party under the dynamic leadership of Turgut Ozal who was an economist in the World Bank. Turgut Ozal brought in economic reforms through radically liberal economic policies. Under his reign, turkey was transformed from the small relatively conservative state to modern republic with investment coming from across the globe and making it one of the most attractive venues for investment.

Organizational Behavior and Communication Essay Example for Free

Organizational Behavior and Communication Essay Organizational Behavior and Communication is found in every company, organizations, and groups. Organizational behavior and communications are discussed by using Starbucks Coffee Company. The discussion will cover company’s values and mission statement. The mission statement contains the philosophy, vision, and values. Also, some background of the company will be given. There will a discussion on the communication and on what extent this is determine by the Starbucks Coffee Company Culture. Background Starbucks was start in the 1970 in the state of Washington. The name Starbucks was inspire by the novel Moby Dick. In 1987 purchased by a man name Howard Schultz. At the time of the purchase Starbucks had stores only the Pacific Northwest. After the purchase Starbucks was selling coffee in other countries such Europe. In the first vision of Schultz was to fine coffees. Organizational Culture The organizational culture of Starbucks is based on diversity. The formula that they use is Diversity=Inclusion+Equity+Accessibility. The definition is â€Å"Inclusion: human connection engagement, Equity: fairness justice, and Accessibility: ease of use barrier free† (www.starbucks.com, 2013). The company has divided the organizational culture (diversity) in the following parts: 1. Partner/employees: Starbucks wants partners as different as the cities they work in. The proper word could be diverse 2. Customers: Starbuck want their customers to have an extremely nice experience. In order to achieve this Starbucks by giving the customer their preferences. 3. Communities: Starbucks does make investment in local communities as well as worldwide. Starbucks by giving economic opportunities in ways of jobs and other forms of help. 4. Suppliers: Starbucks work with many minority groups of suppliers. Also suppliers that are women. Starbucks support many organizations. Examples of these are Community Service, Youth Groups, and Create Jobs for USA, Also the American Red Cross. The espoused values of Starbucks do agree with the enacted values. Example of this is on July 3, 2012 it was announced that Starbucks will have two openings in Latin America. â€Å"Starbucks Coffee Company reaffirmed its commitment to Latin America with two major openings- its first in Costa Rica, and its firs Farmer Support Center in South America located in Colombia† (China weekly news, 2012). Latin America provides large amount of the coffee that Starbucks us. Another example is that in 2010 Starbucks refuse to raise the prices of the coffee. Most companies raise their prices due the raise of the coffee prices. Starbucks decide not raise the prices for awhile but monitor the prices. The organizational communication of Starbucks is 100% determined by the organizational culture. The communications channels are very clear and easy to use. Starbucks have communication channels that employees can use. These channels are telephone calls, online reporting, e-mail, and written reports. The communication channels for the customers are the Starbucks website. The customer could find the mission statement or locate a store. Also, if a person wants to apply for a job they can do it on the website. Role of Communication â€Å"Starbucks uses a model of communication used generally by smaller group networks, all channel communication† (yahoo.com 2008) The communication plays an extremely important role in the organizational culture of Starbucks. The organizational communication is open to the customer. The customers can talk with an employee then the employees report to the supervisors or department heads. The communication channels are always updated by Starbucks. â€Å"Partners are encouraged to report all types of issues or concerns to the program through their choice of the offered communication channels.† (www.starbucks.com, 2013) Another form of communication is the Standards of Business Conduct booklet. This helps the employees make excellent decision and also how to act with the customers. The communication has no misalignment with the espoused values or enacted values. The organization gives many communication channels for the employees. Another reason is that the company from time to time sees what needs to be change so that the organization can run smoothly. Conflict in group communication Whenever a company or an organization has a group that works together there will be a communication conflict. A solution to any conflict needs to be found before the conflict can come out. While researching Starbucks there was no conflict mention. Starbucks does have a clear image. Starbucks does show press releases on the decision that are being made As for the employees are concern Starbucks does provide communication channels to report any issues. The issue that refers to any communication conflicts in the group communications. On the same website the organization will post any communication about the company. The organization can use the conflict to put an additional person in the group to deal with the conflict and find ways to keep the conflict out of the group. Additional Information Starbucks supports the Earth watch Institute, Save the Children, Mercy Corps, and Plant Green. These are just a few of the organizations that Starbuck is working with. When the employees are making a decision they have standards to rely on. These standards are Standard of Business Conduct. Starbucks has these standards printed in the following languages English, Chinese, French, German, Brazilian Portuguese, Latin American Spanish, and Thai. Conclusion Starbucks is an organization that puts customers and employees first. They have high levels of values, vision, mission, and philosophy. Starbucks do indeed help the communities that have their location. In the pass Starbucks kept their coffee prices down when the prices of the coffee bean were going up. Then Starbucks is opening up business in Latin American and Costa Rica. These businesses will be working hand- in- hand with the local farmers. In addition Starbucks has used the coffee is from the Latin American and Costa Rica. The communication channels are aligning with the mission, philosophy, vision, and values statement. Also Starbucks provide the customers communication channels to report any wrong doing. Starbucks makes extremely high efforts to have a strong company. References About Us. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.starbucks.com Food Weekly News, 145. (2010).; Starbucks Coffee Company; Starbucks Responds to Surging Green Coffee Prices. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/75581576?accountid=35812 Our Mission Statement. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.starbucks.com Seazone, S. (July 18, 2008). Successful Application of Organizational Behavior: Starbucks. Retrieved from http://www.voices.yahoo.com Starbucks Coffee Company. (2013). Business Ethics and Compliance. Retrieved from http://www.starbucks.com Starbucks Coffee Company; Starbucks Broadens Presence in Latin America. (2012). China Weekly News, 192. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1022321948?accountid=35812

Eating Disorders: A Psychological Perspective

Eating Disorders: A Psychological Perspective Historically, eating disorders such as Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa were misunderstood to be a consequence of an individuals desire to be thin. However, it is now known that they are in fact distinct, self-maintaining psychological disorders with multiple causes. The purpose of this essay was to describe the various psychological causes, effects and treatments of eating disorders although it was also felt to be appropriate to acknowledge the physical, biological and social aspects of such disorders. Its purpose was also to raise the awareness of male eating disorders and demonstrate that such cases have been seen to increase. In order to gather appropriate and non-biased information a range of resources have been used. These include: factual literature, journals, studies, newspaper articles, sufferers personal accounts and notes taken from professional lectures. The extensive research confirmed that eating disorders are in fact psychological disorders and evidenced the fact t hat not only do males suffer too, the prevalence of reported cases has been seen to be increasing. Eating Disorders: A Psychological Perspective For some people, their lives are a constant battle between their diet, their appearance and their emotions; with each pound lost, I was becoming more acceptable to the world (Harvey, 2007). Eating disorders are often mentioned within the media but scarcely spoken about in great detail, which has resulted in stereotypes and misperceptions being made about what eating disorders are as well as what they mean for the individual. One such stereotype is that sufferers are predominantly women who have the desire to be skinny. However, it is becoming increasingly recognised that eating disorders can develop in anyone and are often coping strategies for dealing with difficult emotions through gaining control over an aspect of an individuals life. Consequently, this essay aims to enhance peoples understanding of eating disorders by presenting a psychological account of their development, impact and treatment within individuals. This will be achieved by focussing on two eating disorders in particular, Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa, although other eating disorders will be considered where appropriate. Firstly, a history of these eating disorders will be presented leading to how they are conceptualised and defined today within the current diagnostic system. Secondly, this essay will discuss the potential causes of eating disorders in order to gain an understanding of the common underlying issues, which are potential contributing factors to the development of an eating disorder. Thirdly, the consequences of an eating disorder for both the sufferer and their family will be discussed before exploring an emerging awareness of eating disorders amongst men. Lastly this essay will present the treatments used today in the manageme nt of an eating disorder. It is hoped that this discussion of eating disorders from a psychological perspective will equip the reader with the knowledge and understanding required to challenge any previously held stereotypes and misconceptions of eating disorders. Historically, the behaviours associated with todays eating disorders were not uncommon, or pathologised. For example, there are numerous records of wilful, ritual fasting, which served specific purposes such as to receive some trance-like state that was a medium for sacred visions. Fasting was also used as a means of penance or purification (Bemporad, 1996). Purging was also present during the time of the Ancient Romans. Within this time it was not uncommon for the Ancient Romans to excuse themselves from a banquet, to purge and then return to continue feasting. It is also understood through Egyptian hieroglyphics that the Egyptians used purging as a safety measure against illness and would therefore purge monthly (Engel et al, 2007). Therefore it can be seen that historically, behaviours such as fasting and purging were a part of society and therefore normalised by the social and cultural context that existed then. However society along with its cultural norms has changed rapidly. Accompanying these changes were changing views about peoples behaviour. For example, during the reformation era, women who starved themselves were thought to be possessed by the devil, later they were thought to be frauds seeking notoriety and lastly they were seen as being physically and mentally ill (Brumberg, 1988). Accordingly, the first diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa was in the case of a wealthy Roman female who starved herself for the sake of spiritual beliefs. However, the first official medical diagnosis was seen in England during the 1680s in the case of a twenty-year-old female where it was said that sadness was the cause of her starvation (Engel et al, 2007). In 1874, Anorexia Nervosa (nervous loss of appetite) was given its name by physician Sir William Gull (Ogden, 2010, p211). He was the first to recognise that such conditions should be considered a mental illness (Engel et al, 2007). However it wasnt until the 1930s that other professionals came to agree that eating disorders were often a result of an emotional or psychological struggle rather than being driven by the desire to be physically thin (Engel et al, 2007). Today, there are a range of known eating disorders including: Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, Binge Eating Disorder, Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified and exercise disorders such as, Bigorexia and Compulsive Exercising (Anorexia Athletica and Obligatory Exercise) (Nemours, 2013). These eating disorders each have their own set of diagnostic criteria, which are outlined within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). This framework is commonly used by professionals to diagnose and treat individuals with different types of eating disorders. Anorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder based upon the control of the way an individual looks and the foods they eat. It is thought that sufferers of this disorder strive to be thin because it results in a sense of self-worth and acceptance (MFMER, 2012a); this belief is potentially a result of the medias portrayal of the average person in society today. A sufferer of Anorexia Nervosa tends to be extremely cautious about the amount of calories they consume and their diets are often restricted. This is believed to provide the sufferer with a sense of control and provides a focus for their thoughts; distracting them from difficult emotions they may be trying to avoid. In terms of the official diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa, the DSM states that there must be: the refusal to maintain a normal weight for the individuals height and age, an intense fear of weight gain even though the individual is already underweight, distorted body image and the absence of a minimum of three consecutive mens trual cycles (APA, 1987, p.67). Women with a BMI lower than 17.5 and displaying physical or psychological aspects stated within the diagnostic criteria will be diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa (Abraham Llewellyn-Jones, 2001, p.28) and subsequently referred for treatment or therapy. Anorexia Nervosa is split into two types, purging and non-purging/restricting (Ogden, 2010, p.212). Non-purging anorexics solely restrict their diets whereas purging anorexics will restrict their diets and also binge on food and proceed to purge. It is thought that up to 50% of Anorexia Nervosa sufferers engage in binging and purging behaviours (Franco, ND). Common physical symptoms experienced by sufferers of Anorexia Nervosa include: severe weight loss, the growth of fine hair over the body, dizziness, low blood pressure, constipation, and loss of periods and a sense of tiredness but the inability to sleep (Beat, 2010). Psychologically, sufferers often develop inflexible and negative ways of thinking ab out themselves, believing that they are overweight or fat when in fact they are underweight. Behavioural symptoms may include secrecy and self-exclusion during meal times, quietness and withdrawal from social situations. As well as restricting their eating, sufferers may also become obsessive in checking the calorie content of food and their weight. The development of Bulimia Nervosa is also recognised as a response to stressful life events (Abraham Llewellyn-Jones, 2001, p.191) and difficult emotions but conversely, the individual is believed to hold fewer concerns about their physical appearance and the desire to be accepted via thinness. When suffering from Bulimia Nervosa it is thought that an individual engages in binge eating when they feel a build up of tension or stress, as it is believed to relieve them of these sensations (Abraham Llewellyn-Jones, 2001, p.196). Although Bulimia Nervosa sufferers binge eat, they are also believed to understand that this type of disordered eating will result in weight gain. Sufferers therefore take measures to ensure that they avoid gaining weight and the most common measure taken is purging during or after a binge. This is done to prevent the absorption of energy and fats from food into the sufferers body (Abraham Llewellyn-Jones, 2001, p.197). In addition to this strategy, between 7 5 and 90 percent of Bulimia Nervosa sufferers abuse the use of laxatives during and in between purges to assure themselves that the food consumed will not be absorbed as fat (Abraham Llewellyn-Jones, 2001, p.197). It is also understood that many Bulimia sufferers choose to carry out a strict dieting regime between binges to avoid weight gain (Abraham Llewellyn-Jones, 2001 p.197); as they understand the consequences of binge-eating regularly. The diagnostic criteria for Bulimia Nervosa stated by the DSM includes: recurrent binge eating episodes (a minimum of 2 episodes per week for a minimum of 3 months), a sense of a lack of control during binge eating and frequent engagement in self-induced vomiting (APA, 1987, p.68). Although binge eating is recognised as a behaviour of Bulimia sufferers; sufferers who solely binge-eat without purging are classified as suffering from Binge Eating Disorder. As stated by the NHS (ND) the predominant symptom of Binge Eating Disorder is weight gain, which can lead to serious health problems (to be discussed further on in this essay). Sufferers of Binge Eating Disorder and Bulimia commonly experience cravings for sugary foods, headaches and pain within the stomach (NHS, ND). Psychologically, Binge Eating Disorder and Bulimia Nervosa sufferers may appear to be anxious or depressed and often display signs of a sense of guilt after eating which in the case of Bulimia, results in purges. It is important to recognise that exercise disorders often come hand in hand with other eating disorders such as Anorexia Nervosa or Bulimia Nervosa and although they will not be explored in great detail it is important to have an understanding of these disorders. Some symptoms of exercise disorders include: an increase in the amount of exercise carried out due to the belief that a gap in training will result in weight gain, compulsive setting of goals and targets, dissatisfaction after exercising and participating in exercise out of a need rather than for enjoyment. Exercise Disorders, as an accompaniment of other eating disorders (Gavin, 2010) are thought to arise from an individuals desire to gain control within their lives and as a coping strategy for difficult emotions such as depression or anger; it is thought that exercise provides a release for these emotions (Gavin, 2010). Many sufferers will go out of their way to find an excuse to be active, for example it is known that some sufferers use stairways which they ascend and descend in order to obsessively burn calories (Beumont, 2002, p.162). In order to make a diagnosis of an eating disorder, an individuals body mass index (BMI) is calculated and compared to a standard BMI chart (Abraham Llewellyn-Jones, 2001, p.28) and the individual is assessed against a set of diagnostic criteria specific to the suspected eating disorder type. For women, if their BMI is calculated to be below 17.5 and 18.5 then the individual is declared as being underweight; however, if they display signs of the diagnostic criteria then it is probable that the individual is suffering from an eating disorder of some kind (Abraham Llewellyn-Jones, 2001, p.28). Although BMI assessment is often effective, it is important to note that BMI charts fail to consider muscle weight or other individual differences such as age (Abraham Llewellyn-Jones, 2001, p.28); therefore, the results of the BMI match may be misleading. Previously eating disorders were thought to be the consequence of behavioural aspects such as the avoidance of food (Ogden, 2010, p211). However, it is now widely understood that these disorders often emerge as a coping strategy during times of emotional difficulty such as stress, anxiety, depression, anger and loneliness (Beat, 2010). This is thought to be because physical pain is much easier to deal with than emotional pain (Harvey, 2007). Sufferers obtain a sense of control during difficult times of their lives by using food as a way of coping with these difficult emotions (Ogden, 2010, p.212). However, by doing so, they suppress their issues, burying them deeper and in time, making them more difficult to face. Although eating disorders are now commonly recognised as coping strategies for psychological struggles, it is important to recognise that other factors can contribute to the onset of eating disorders. In some cases it is thought that social factors can trigger the arousal o f body dissatisfaction which commonly leads to dieting and under-eating (Ogden, 2004, p.153). For example, the media will commonly use thin females and toned males in advertising which lulls members of society into a false belief that all members of society are thin or toned (Ogden, 2004, p.148). In turn, this causes people to feel self-conscious about their differences to these idealistic body types displayed across the media, therefore creating insecurities. The family is also thought to be a social factor influencing body dissatisfaction; in particular within mother and daughter relationships whereby mothers are dissatisfied with their own bodies and trigger similar feelings in the daughter concerning her own body (Ogden, 2004, p.150). Aside from these contributing factors, studies carried out in the form of personality questionnaires have shown that sufferers of Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa present signs of low self-esteem and depressive or obsessive personality types; o ften combined with neurotic tendencies (Abraham Llewellyn-Jones, 2001, p.50). These personality traits result in unstable foundations of a persons personality and are thought to contribute to causing the individual to be more susceptible to disorders. A study carried out in American, involving 300 students, has suggested that conformists are also more susceptible to eating disorders (UNSW, ND). The study involved the completion of questionnaires containing questions specifically designed to assess the students individual dietary tendencies, conformity levels and body-image related concerns (UNSW, ND). It was concluded that participants whose responses indicated a sense of isolation and rejection from social groups were more likely to conform (UNSW, ND) and therefore it could be suggested that they may be more likely to attempt to fit into the norms surrounding them. This links back to the influence the media is thought to have upon the prevalence of eating disorders. It is thought that significant life events such as childhood sexual abuse and parental loss can play a part in the cause of eating disorders, this is sometimes be down to a lack of, or poor quality of support given after a person experiences such events (Nauert, 2012). Studies have shown that approximately 30 percent of eating disorder sufferers had experienced childhood sexual abuse. Significant events such as these are thought to affect the individuals ability to cope with difficult situations and issues during their adult life (Abraham Llewellyn-Jones, 2001, pp.68 -69). This struggle to cope during adult life is thought to be due to the fact that unmanaged emotions and memories frequently resurface, triggered by sounds or particular situations (VictimSupport, ND). These life events are also thought to cause the victim to feel a loss of control (VictimSupport, ND) which some victims then regain through the control of their eating. Although studies have shown that approximately 30 percent of eating disorder sufferers had been abused during their childhood, as stated by Connors and Morse (1993) Child sex abuse is neither necessary nor sufficient for the development of an eating disorder (cited in Ogden, 2010, p.251). Therefore, childhood sexual abuse is not considered a cause but a potential risk factor for the development of an eating disorder (Ogden, 2010, p.251). While the Significant Events Theory has strength in the fact that it addresses past events experienced by the eating disorder sufferer, the theory fails to explain why many victims of childhood sexual abuse do not develop an eating disorder, nor can the theory explain the increase in the amount of eating disorders cases today (Ogden, 2010, p.252). Through the discussion of potential causes of eating disorders the question arises as to whether such disorders are caused by nature or nurture? Evident from the causes discussed, although it can be suggested that different personality types can cause people to be susceptible to an eating disorder, it is also dependent on the environment in which the individual lives or has previous experience of. For example, it is unlikely that without the presence of other contributing factors such as the medias portrayal of the ideal body or a significant life event that the individual will engage in disordered eating. The effects of an eating disorder are specific to the individual and can come in a range of forms including psychological, biological, physical and social. Psychologically, sufferers of an eating disorder can sometimes develop symptoms indicating depression and anxiety; it is thought that sufferers are also at risk for self harm and in some cases, suicidal behaviour (McCallum, ND). This is evident in an article from The Guardian written by Louisa Harvey, a recovering eating disorder sufferer. Louisa claims that she suffered from depression as a result of her disorder and thought about suicide daily (Harvey, 2007). Depression, as a consequence of Anorexia Nervosa and other eating disorders, could potentially be caused by the underlying difficult emotions suppressed by the disorder. However, the anxiety and depression experienced by Bulimia Nervosa sufferers is thought to be caused by the guilt believed to be felt as a result of the eating binges. Although, as previously mentioned, dep ression is recognised as a possible cause of eating disorders it is in fact suggested that depression is more commonly seen as an effect of these disorders, rather than the cause (Abraham Llewellyn-Jones, 2001, p.192). Similarities can be drawn between the effects of famine and Anorexia Nervosa in that starvation of any kind results in the brain shrinking. This is understood to be caused by dehydration and under-nutrition and is believed to cause changes in an individuals personality (Abraham Llewellyn-Jones, 2001, p.150). These personality changes may include increased irritability, low moods, perfectionism and obsessive-compulsive behaviours (Abraham Llewellyn-Jones, 2001, p.150). Sufferers commonly find it hard to relax and become hyperactive; for some sufferers this results in the individual suffering from insomnia which, if prolonged, causes exhaustion. Poor consumption of food and nutrition are also thought to be the cause of the poor concentration evident in some eating di sorder sufferers (Garner, 2002, p.143) which can affect their lives socially as well as mentally. Sufferers commonly display signs of social withdraw which is possibly as a result of social anxiety experienced by the sufferers (Garner, 2002, p.143). This withdrawal from social situations is likely to impact upon their relationships with other people such as friends and the sufferer may end up being excluded from such relationships. It is believed that many sufferers of eating disorders have an external locus of control. The locus of control concept refers to a persons perception as to where the control of a situation comes from and was developed by Rotter in 1966 (Hayes, 1994, p.452). The concept claims that people with an external locus of control believe that they have little control over situations and believe that most situations are controlled by luck or fate. Aside from the psychological and social consequences of eating disorders, there are also many physical and biological disturbances caused. Changes in a sufferers hormone levels is understood to have significant biological effects on the individual, in particular, a reduced heart rate; this is understood to be caused by the reduced functioning of the thyroid gland (Abraham Llewellyn-Jones, 2001, p.150). Biological effects caused by Anorexia Nervosa include: gum disease, tooth decay, loss of periods and growth of fine hair over the body (GHFED, 2013). These effects are thought to be predominantly caused by malnutrition and the shutting down of body systems, which is done in order to preserve energy in Anorexia Nervosa sufferers. Biological effects specific to Bulimia Nervosa firstly include the fluctuation in weight, which is understood to be caused by eating binges and purging. Purges result in a range of biological effects such as damage to the oesophagus and rotting of the teeth ca used by the stomach acids and burst blood vessels in the eyes and cheeks caused by the frequent purging. Other biological effects, which are specific to Bulimia Nervosa are internal bleeding and complications within the digestive system including ulcers and constipation (GHFED, 2013). The effects of an eating disorder, although predominantly experienced by the sufferer, can also be evident amongst friends and family members of the sufferer. Firstly the family, in particular the parents, may feel a sense of confusion surrounding the reasons behind why their child has developed an eating disorder, especially if the sufferer is unwilling to talk about their disorder. Parents may also feel a sense of anger which may arise from being unable to comprehend the reasons why their child is harming their own body and for putting the family through the worry and stress which comes with an eating disorder. Guilt is thought to be a common emotion felt by the family of a sufferer and this is believed to come from the fact that they feel that they should have been aware of the disorder sooner (Thompson, 2011). Aside from the emotions felt by a sufferers family, it is possible that eating disorders have an impact on a family routine, in particular, meal times; this is because suff erers often withdraw themselves from meal times, making it especially difficult if there are other children in the family. Other siblings of a sufferer may feel neglected as a result of an eating disorder due to the fact that the sufferer will require more attention and special care; it is therefore important for the parents to recognise how the other children may feel and ensure that they are still given the attention that all children need. It is believed that male eating disorder sufferers have been reported since 1689 (Andersen, 2002, p.189). However, throughout literature and the media, eating disorders amongst males are less widely recognised when compared to the recognition of female sufferers. Although studies show that eating disorders are less prevalent amongst men, it is still important that they receive recognition and a fair chance of diagnosis. Studies taken from within communities and clinics show a difference in the ratio of male to female sufferers with 1 males case to every 6 females cases recorded within a community study and a much smaller 10-20 percent of cases being male in clinic studies (Andersen, 2002, p.189). This difference suggests that males are less likely to approach the health services for help or an official diagnosis. This resistance to help could be due to the way men are portrayed in society through stereotypical assumptions such as men are able to cope with emotions. Because of this, m any men may feel like they should be able to cope and may feel embarrassed to approach healthcare services for help. In terms of diagnosis and treatment of male sufferers, Andersen (2002, p.189) states that gender has little influence upon diagnosis and the effectiveness of treatment. However, Lock (2009) argues that males are poorly accommodated in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of eating disorders. Lock (2009) recognises that there is a lack of research into whether or not males and females respond differently to treatments and acknowledges that much of the criteria and the methods used for assessment and treatment of an eating disorder are based upon females and their body structure. A study carried out in The New York Hospital by Braun et al (1999) was predominantly carried out to compare the disorder diagnosis, age at admission, age at onset and duration of the eating disorder. Admissions of 51 males and 693 females were recorded between 1984 and 1987 and data from these cases showed that the onset of eating disorders within males commonly occurred at later stage when compared to fema les; approximately 21 years of age for males and 17 years of age for females (Braun et al, 1999). The results of the study also showed that many of the male sufferers were participants in sports where performance was influenced by body shape (Braun et al, 1999). The study also addressed the admission rates of males with eating disorders between 1984 and 1996 and the data showed a significant increase in male admissions from 0 percent 1984 to 11 percent of eating disorder cases being male in 1993 (Braun et al, 1999). It could be suggested that if the number of male eating disorder cases continues to rise, as suggested by Lock (2009), more research into the diagnosis and treatment of eating disorders amongst males should be carried out. The type of and way in which treatment is delivered to a sufferer of an eating disorder will be specific to the individual and type of eating disorder. The general outcome desired through treatment of Anorexia Nervosa is weight gain, for Bulimia Nervosa the aim of treatment is to reduce the desire or need to binge-eat (MFMER, 2012b). Although there are a variety of psychological treatments including Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Interpersonal Psychotherapy and Family Therapy it is understood that Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is the most widely used treatment for eating disorders (Fairburn, 2002, p.308); commonly referred to as CBT-E (Enhanced CBT) in these cases. This type of therapy is popular as it is thought to be perfectly matched for treating these disorders, because CBT-E strives to implement cognitive change and eating disorders are believed to be disorders of cognitive functioning (Fairburn, 2008, p.23). CBT-E is also thought to be an appropriate therapy for eating di sorders because it can easily be adapted to treat different eating disorder types (Fairburn, 2013). This adaptable quality is important as it is widely understood that eating disorder sufferers do not suffer from just one type, but instead shift between different behaviours associated with different eating disorders once they are locked in to the thought cycle of eating disorders (Fairburn, 2013). There are four stages of CBT-E and the frequency of treatment sessions declines throughout these stages (Fairburn, 2008, p.24). Stage one involves engaging and educating the client about the eating disorder in order to broaden their understanding in preparation for treatment and implementing regular eating patterns (Fairburn, 2002, p.305). It is during stage one that a formulation is created; this is based on the potential underlying processes causing the eating disorder, which allows the therapist to understand which areas need targeting through therapy (Fairburn, 2008, p.24). During stag e two, the therapist and the client continually review the therapy and adapt to any new problems which may have become apparent; these are added into the formulation and addressed in following sessions (Fairburn, 2008, p.25). Stage three is where the main contributing factors to the eating disorder are addressed. These factors are often the barriers preventing the client from having already recovered and will be specific to the individual; this stage is thought to have the biggest impact within treatment (Fairburn, 2008, p.25). The final stage, four, is focused upon preparing the client for the end of treatment. During this stage the client and therapist work together to set manageable goals for maintaining the cognitive shift achieved and implementing a plan for dealing with potential setbacks in the clients progress (Fairburn, 2002, p.305). There are many strengths of CBT-E including the fact that it can be adapted to treat a range of eating disorders and clients of different ages (Fairburn, 2008, p.23). Another strength of CBT-E is that its dropout rates are low, with just 15-20 percent dropout rates recorded in many healthcare centres (Fairburn, 2002, p.306). This suggests that it is a treatment which continually engages the client and it could also be suggested that the frequent review of sessions enables the therapist to understand the clients specific need and adapt sessions to suit these; resulting in a potentially good relationship between the client and therapist. Another strength of CBT-E comes from the fact that in most cases it aims to address many aspects of an eating disorder (Fairburn, 2002, p.306), dealing with the causes of the disorder rather than just the symptoms, as drugs are commonly recognised for. This holistic approach to treatment provided by CBT-E supplies a more long term treatment in comparison to drug treatments but may not be suited to individuals who struggle to remain motivated and engaged with the therapy. The success rate of recovery is also high for CBT-E and as discussed by Fairburn (2013), this is shown through a study carried out in Copenhagen by Poulsen et al (Fairburn, 2013). This study showed that CBT-E had a 60 percent success rate which was reviewed and recorded for 24 months and sustained its success during this time (Fairburn, 2013). Occupational therapy (OT) is a management strategy used with sufferers of eating disorders and is often used within eating disorder services. An occupational therapist usually works as part of a multidisciplinary team and aims to provide and encourage a balance between the eating disorder and other meaningful occupations such as socialising, hobbies or other interests in the daily life of sufferers (Clemmer, 2009). An occupational therapist will collaborate with a client in order to set realistic goals of the therapy to suit the individuals needs. Following this, a treatment plan is then created which may involve planning meals and snacks, developing or learning new skills or arranging participation in a range of activities which interest the client. The fact that OT addresses all aspects of an individual and their surrounding environment and works with these, means that the therapy is very client focused and adaptable to meet individual requirements (COT, 2011); this potentially res ults in a more effective outcome when compared to more standardised and less personalised treatments. To conclude, although eating disorders are often mentioned within the media, they are frequently unexplained and therefore misunderstood by many members of the public. Eating disorders come in a range of forms from Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, binge eating, unspecified eating disorders and exercise disorders. Eating disorders are believed to commonly be triggered by an individual experiencing a situation or emotion which is difficult to deal with psychologically and t

The Benefits and Drawbacks of Globalization Essay -- Pros and Cons of

The notion of globalisation encompasses various different aspects of social, economic and political life. In order to answer the question of whether or not globalisation is a progressive or negative force, I must first define globalisation. Then I shall examine the impact of globalisation on the population and finally determine whether this is a positive or negative impact. There are five different aspects that I have chosen in order to define the phenomenon of globalisation. They are internationalisation, liberalisation, universilisation, westernisation, and deterritorialization. (Scholte, page 16) Internationalisation refers to the significant increase in relations between countries. Increases in economic trade and politcal relations between countries has led to increased interdependency between countries, especially on an economic level. There has also been increased movement of people, capital, and ideas between countries. International relations between countries have always existed, but in today's globalised world, these relations have become more important and more significant than ever before. Liberalisation refers to the loosening of government restrictions on movements between countries. It is easier for individuals to move between countries, and also for money and capital to move between countries. The main component of liberalisation has been economic. There have been increasing commitments on the part of nations to adopt free trade policies and allow the free movement of capital between states. There have been significant reductions in tarriffs and on foreign exchange restrictions. Capitalism has been adopted on a global level with companies competing against companies in other countries, and the in... ... has positive and negative effects as it does create for better awareness, understanding, and tolerance of other cultures, it has also eroded many tradional cultural values and this has caused resistance to globalisation. Lastly, globalisation has reduced the power of nation states and increased the power of international organisations and multinational corporations. Globalisation has positive and negative effects, but one certainty is that globalisation does exist and it remains to be seen how much further it will go. Bibliography Bamyeh, Mohammed A. The Ends of Globalisation. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2000. Sandbrook, Richard. Civilizing Globalisation - A Survival Guide. Albany: State University of New York, 2003. Scholte, Jan Aart. Globalization - A critical introduction. International Politics Studypack for Term 2, 2006. The Benefits and Drawbacks of Globalization Essay -- Pros and Cons of The notion of globalisation encompasses various different aspects of social, economic and political life. In order to answer the question of whether or not globalisation is a progressive or negative force, I must first define globalisation. Then I shall examine the impact of globalisation on the population and finally determine whether this is a positive or negative impact. There are five different aspects that I have chosen in order to define the phenomenon of globalisation. They are internationalisation, liberalisation, universilisation, westernisation, and deterritorialization. (Scholte, page 16) Internationalisation refers to the significant increase in relations between countries. Increases in economic trade and politcal relations between countries has led to increased interdependency between countries, especially on an economic level. There has also been increased movement of people, capital, and ideas between countries. International relations between countries have always existed, but in today's globalised world, these relations have become more important and more significant than ever before. Liberalisation refers to the loosening of government restrictions on movements between countries. It is easier for individuals to move between countries, and also for money and capital to move between countries. The main component of liberalisation has been economic. There have been increasing commitments on the part of nations to adopt free trade policies and allow the free movement of capital between states. There have been significant reductions in tarriffs and on foreign exchange restrictions. Capitalism has been adopted on a global level with companies competing against companies in other countries, and the in... ... has positive and negative effects as it does create for better awareness, understanding, and tolerance of other cultures, it has also eroded many tradional cultural values and this has caused resistance to globalisation. Lastly, globalisation has reduced the power of nation states and increased the power of international organisations and multinational corporations. Globalisation has positive and negative effects, but one certainty is that globalisation does exist and it remains to be seen how much further it will go. Bibliography Bamyeh, Mohammed A. The Ends of Globalisation. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2000. Sandbrook, Richard. Civilizing Globalisation - A Survival Guide. Albany: State University of New York, 2003. Scholte, Jan Aart. Globalization - A critical introduction. International Politics Studypack for Term 2, 2006.

Essays --

The populist and nationalist ideology of the Iranian Islamic revolution was attributed to the perception of a plague that has alienated Muslims from their roots and identity, and this plague was the Western culture. Western culture was a plague that must be fought and expelled as it influenced many young Iranians and deviate from the interpretation of Islam. To bring back the loyalty and faith to Islam as the one true way of awakening the oppressed and liberating the Third World from colonialism is a great manifestation of revolt and declaration. Ayatollah Khomeini dominated the revolution itself declaring that Shia Islam dictated for revolt and martyrdom against injustice and tyranny. He advocated for Muslims to reject the influence of the Soviet and American superpowers in Iran and developed the ideology that Muslims required guardianship. The Islamic jurists must rule to protect Islam from innovation and deviation by following the traditional sharia law and prevent poverty, injustice, and the deprivation of Muslim land by foreign non-believers. The establishment of and the obedience to the Islamic government were considered to be an actual obedience to God that was more necessary than prayer and fasting. The universal principle of true Islam was that the world only needed and deserved a just and true government which was the Islamic government. This revolutionary vision and ideology were supported by Khomeini and a great number of core supporters who were determined to establish a government ruled by Islamic clerics and defeated opposition from the different factions. America’s deep involvement in Iran for many years before the revolution was only for personal gain through government influence and through control of I... ...regime’s desire to recreate man was carried out with ideas of order and justice which revealed the true nature of its devastating power. Revolutionary Islamic justice is founded on the rejection of the concept of the individual as a juridical and moral person and was greatly manifested in the courts of the Islamic Republic as it rejected due process. Due process considers man as an autonomous and a fallible being and the denial of this logic is denial of due process. Khomeini’s regime saw the termination of the existence of many who resisted its ideology and protesting in the name of free will and freedom of conscience. It is therefore concluded that the Islamic rebels against God’s will by denying the existence of the very human beings He created; that the Revolutionary Islamist justice is ignorant of the true spirit of the traditional Muslim jurisprudence.

Purpose and Meaning of Education Essay

Poverty is my pride, struggle is my way of life, education is my weapon and love of Allah is my strength. (Hazrat Mohammad PBUH). Education in its general sense is a form of learning in which knowledge, skills, and habits of a group of people are transferred from one generation to the next through teaching, training, research, or simply through auto-didacticism. Generally, it occurs through any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts. Islam has put great stress on Education. The very first word of the first revelation was â€Å"Iqr’a† means read. The Holy Qur’an emphasizes more that seeking of knowledge is compulsory upon every man woman. Islam has given very clear instructions for the Education and has made it compulsory for all the genders equally. The purpose of education according to Islam is to serve the humanity in every possible way and lead a peaceful life by obeying the commandments of Allah (the only creator of the e ntire universe). Lack of education is the root cause of every trouble and misery. It is education only by which we can bring change, peace as well as prosperity in the world. Our aim should be clear in this regard that the only possible way to make human life as better as we can is education only. We know very well that education is the only weapon which is the best anti-biotic to every evil cause. We can destroy every evil strength through this weapon and bring desirable changes in every part of the globe. Today when we look at the world we find it divided on the bases of religion, race, colour, caste, creed and tribe. Sectarian and ethnic discrimination has drawn the boundaries of hate and egotism. We can overcome all these by spreading education in the entire world and make it a way towards social and global brotherhood on the basis of humanity. Past history proves that human is the most furious creature on this planet which is why today we see this bloody picture and insecurity all over the world but if we adopt the education in our characters and deeds we can surely make this world a better place to live on. When we speak about standard education it means there should be same and qualitative education across the world so that every human being can seek it in the very same like others do. Standard education will destroy the poverty, misery, and hunger from the world. No any other human doctrine can stop the destruction of human beings except the education as it the need of the hour as well as the only way for the survival of humanity. Conclusion. From the above mentioned facts and realities it is quite clear that the meaning, purpose and cause of education should be to serve the humanity without any kind of discrimination on the basis of equality so that we can make our world a place better to live on peacefully and purposefully.

The Nutcracker

Essay One Waltz of the Flowers† from The Nutcracker â€Å"Waltz of the Flowers† from The Nutcracker I watched Waltz of the Flowers from The Nutcracker online for my first choice in my performance paper. This magnificent piece was composed by Peter Llyich Tchaikovsky during the Romantic period in 1892. This performance is performed by about 12 Ballerinas with the music being played in the background. â€Å"The Waltz of the Flowers† is actually ACT II from The Nutcracker, which is a very well known and amazing song. Tchaikovsky wrote this piece about a young girl named Clara that cannot wait for Christmas morning to arrive. She spends the whole night dreaming of intense dreams with extroidinary characters. This is why the ballet is always performed during the Christmas season. This piece is called a Waltz because the song is done in ? meter. The introduction starts with the amazing sound of the beautiful harps being played. This song has four different themes that repeat themselves. The first theme at the beginning, after the introduction, starts with a melody heard in French horns and clarinets and is repeated, but differently the 2nd time. The second them consists of violins. This theme adds drama and tension to the performance. The flutes start in on the third theme and repeated again with a more illuminated timbre. The fourth theme is heard only once and that is where the cellos come in for the melody. This melody is eloquent and passionate. There is so much detail in every part of this piece that you really have to pay attention to the music, which is what Tchaikovsky’s plan was when he wrote it. I really enjoyed watching this performance because the ballerinas moved so beautifully. They moved their hand to the music perfectly, which is where the Waltz come into the name. My favorite section of this piece is the introduction when you hear the harps playing. The ballerinas move so eloquently with the harps and it just amazed me. I also found myself swaying to the sound of the music without even realizing it because it is so relaxing. I am so thankful that this was one of our choices because I really enjoyed watching this and hopefully I will get a chance to watch it in a live performance one day.

Wal-Mart Consumer Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Wal-Mart Consumer Analysis - Research Paper Example The history of Wal-Mart began a little after 1972 as a rural shopping store chain in Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Missouri (Lecavalier). The Wal-Mart company has four major divisions at the retail level: Wal-Mart Discount stores, Wal-Mart Super Centers, Sam’s Club Warehouses, and Neighborhood Market stores. The company‘s size can be emphasized by the fact that it employees more than 2 million people, reports a profit of close to 100 billion dollars, and has more than 7,000 outlets and counting. The success of the company lies in their customer strategy (Lecavalier). Being the world’s largest retail stores has been part of the growth challenge and customer care improvement. The rapid growth of the company led to new research strategies on the ways of improving its services to its customer base. The major focus was ways of improving customer care services and customer experiences while shopping at the stores. There are several sources of customer information at the dispo sal of the giant retailer, with some of these not used appropriately. The best and reliable sources of customer information are the touch-points of interaction between the company and the firm. There are majorly two touch-points in the Wal-Mart scenario: the pre-consumption stage and the consumption stage. In the pre-consumption stage, Wal-Mart acknowledges that the consumers interact and share a certain amount of with the customer service or the salespeople. This is an important step for Wal-Mart, and the next decision is that of determining what information to capture, and the manner in which the collected data will assist in making decisions on improving customer care procedures. The frontline operation personnel of Wal-Mart are well positioned to gather customer information, and the firm uses them to obtain the information it requires. The frontline personnel receives training on the what, when, and how of eliciting or observing customers and obtaining information (Feller, Shunk , and Callarman, 2006). The other means of obtaining these consumer data is using intermediaries and resellers of the retailers’ products, mainly through promotion, distribution, customer service, or delivery. Wal-Mart uses the gathered information for negotiating with the leading packaged goods manufacturers like Proctor and Gamble for customized products. In the consumption phase, the firm collects consumer data on the enquiries made by consumers on the directions of use. This data provides the company with a wealth of information, especially in the areas of recovery situations and service failure, and assist in product improvement and development efforts. The consumer data collection processes applied by Wal-Mart are systematically maintained and recorded. Nonetheless, there may be other data requirements not available in the above collection methods. The company collects that information through other forms of data collection techniques, mainly research. However, the comp any first determines the most appropriate and effective information that will assist in understanding consumer preferences and needs (Lisanti). The company then decides on the appropriate decision and choice regarding the suitable consumer research method (Feller, Shunk and Callarman, 2006). For instance, there are several formal and informal measures in the determination of the changes required to improve consumer satisfaction. These methods may be qualitative